Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government

Teaching as a profession has been considered to involve a wide range of job-related demands which required high flexibility and multidimensional skills. Though the teacher’s core business is to enhance the achievements and learning of students yet many other underrated tasks such as university administration and development, cooperation outside and within and the university are required from the teacher, which become potential stressors and consequently acknowledged as a crucial feature for their burnout and turnover.The current research aimed to investigate challenging job demands, work engagement and job burnout among purposively selected universityteachers from Punjab Province, Pakistan. Challenging Job Demands (Makhdoom, 2017), Ultra-Short Measure for Work Engagement (Schaufeli et al., 2017) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Demerouti et al., 2010) questionnaires were used to measure the variables of the present research. Results showed that challenging job demandshad a positive predictive relationship with work engagement, which meansthat those teachers who perceive their job as challenging were more engaged in work. Mediation analysis through Process Macron(version 3.5) revealed job burnout significantly and partially mediated between challenging job demands and work engagement. The current study concluded that challenging job demands were a strong and positive predictor of work engagement among teachers. However, the present study also concluded a significant and partial mediating role of job burnout in the relationship of challenging job demands and work engagement of teachers. The present study has some recommendations for future researchers

With the population increasing day by day, there seems to be a need for more and more
development. As a result, there are more and more companies and businesses coming up
lately. Some companies function singularly until its existence, but some companies officially
join another company and combine to form a single unit. This single unit formed from two or
more different companies then works as another unit. The telecom sector of our country is
also increasing day by day. With the increasing population, the demands in the telecom sector
have also increased. Earlier there used to one old fashioned phone in one society or colony
for use by all but in today’s era, a child even of 10 years of age is given a mobile phone and
even the lower or poor class can afford a mobile phone too. Today mobile phones have been
a necessity more than a luxury where we can keep in touch with our near ones easily.
Mergers and Acquisitions are seen even in this sector of the country

Banks play a significant role inbolstering the Indian economy. People in all walks of life, from the elite class to the people below poverty line, access banks for various financial needs. Providing an array of services, the banking sector has undergone radical changes. The digital transformation had also smitten the banking sector and there is seamless integration of technology at various levels. However, there is the question of customer loyalty associated with these services. Banks today are completely customer centric and the customer has a wide choice to choose from

The target of the examination was to research the effect of Micro Finance on the connection between admittance to fund and SMEs development in Karachi, Pakistan. For this reason, the theory was figured out. The theory had investigated effect of admittance to back Small and Medium Enterprises development and speculation to surveyed the directing impact of Micro Finance in the connection between providing Micro Finance and development of SMEs. The investigation included examples drawn from SMEs of areas that were assembled and administered. For this reason essential information was accumulated through the giving a bunch of organized surveys an example of 250 SMEs. The reasonable model comprised on eight factors. First was admitted to back as free factor which was estimated utilizing three elements of openness, use and quality and this measure was contained of things. The micro finance proficiency as dependent variable, which was estimated by eight measurement information, aptitudes, demeanor and conduct. This measure was comprised of 51 things. The Progress of Small and Medium Enterprises as predictor variables, that were estimated the quantity of offerings and resources. The quantitative calculation was comprised on eight factors. The information gathered by the proprietors and organization auditors of Small and Medium Enterprises. Helpful examining utilized to gather information. A descriptive and regression method was utilized to dissect the directing impact of micro finance on the development of Small and Medium Enterprises. These examinations were done utilizing Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS). The finding of this investigation bolsters the theory, which contended that micro finance is a significant garnish in the connection between admittance to support and of SME’s Growth

It is less likely to be known about risk perception amongst parents who have their adolescents stay in front of smartphones. Our objective is to analyze the usage of smartphones among the young generation nowadays and identify health-related risks linked to them. The smartphone market is the biggest in the world; this cool thing is creating open-mindedness for the whole world and negatively impacting adolescents' minds. This new era's generation is rapidly converting into severe phobias, depressions, and neck-shoulder pain, which are not a good sign. Fifteen students' parents surveyed a private school Students aged between 15 to 17. The result shows that 70% of the students are phone addicted to the problem of anxiety, weak eyes, and carelessness

This work aims to analyze stock return, Trade volume of select cement companies in India. Ten cement companies are selected based on high market capitalization. www.nse.india.com was used to gather information. Investors, stakeholders, and policymakers all pay close attention to the return of stock and volume analysis. Some previous study shows that there is no relationship between stock return and volume, while others show that there is. The beta, correlation, and Granger causality tests are used by researchers to analyses stock return and volume. The beta value of all firms reveals which stocks are worth investing in. The correlation result clearly reveals that stock return and volume have a positive relationship, but the relationship between stock volume and value is the strongest. The causality test, on the other hand, verifies the same conclusion.

This paper reviews the recent insurance and takaful coverage for diabetics in Malaysia. Also, this study reported insurance and takaful operators offer diabetes plan available in the market. A comprehensive review of the insurance and takaful literature was conducted and content comparisons based on research focus dan context were evaluated. It was found that only three insurance companies in Malaysia offer protection plans for diabetics while no takaful operator offers the coverage. Diabetes protection plan for the low-income group is proposed to be covered under the micro-insurance or micro-takaful, with a sum covered between RM10,000 to RM100,000 and low monthly contribution. Furthermore, as this paper concentrates on insurance and takaful coverage for diabetes protection in Malaysia, the possibility that other relevant works do appear elsewhere in a different platform is not denied. The paper will be useful to researchers, professionals and others concerned with micro-insurance or micro-takaful products to understand the importance of diabetes plan. Other than revealing ambiguities, gaps and contradictions in the literature, this paper provides information and guidance for other researchers wishing to embark on research on insurance and takaful diabetes coverage protection.

The main contribution is thus to inspect the effects of LP on both dimensions, i.e. productivity and distribution, whereas most of the studies of related nonfiction are restricted to one of those aspects. All approximations are achieved for a large illustration of manufacturing and service Industry with more than five hundred employees and a restricted sample including only unionized firms [1]. This study evaluated the effect of performance managing practices on employee productivity at
the State department of Labour. The performance management practices were comprised of employee's appraisal as well as provision of feedback on employee's performance. The study undertook a descriptive research design, where primary data was collected through structured questionnaires on the targeted population of middle and lower level employees. Respondents was identified and random stratified sampling was undertaken to come up with a sample size of 68 respondents. Questionnaires were answered and returned, which comprised of 67.6% response rate. The study found that there was a strong positive correlation of both employee appraisal and employees performance feedback on employee productivity. The study therefore recommended that organizations to undertake both appraisal for their employees as well as offer feedback on their performance as it increased the productivity of the employees. [2]

The concept of corporate governance (CG) in Islamic banking (IB) has gained attention of researchers in the last two decades. This review paper aims to provide broad and comprehensive review of existing literature on CG in Islamic banks(IBs). The research on CG in IBs has mainly been empirical conducted mostly in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and South Eastern region with a few conceptual studies. A sound theoretical base for Islamic CG studies is still missing. The results suggesting role of Shariah Supervision are elusive. The impact of emerging economies and country legal systems as antecedents of CG have not been thoroughly covered in the literature. In the field of research this topic needs to be covered more rigorously and exhaustively. CG in IBs is an emerging area of research and lack comprehensive review studies. Owing to the fact, this review paper aims to provide broad, comprehensive review of existing literature on corporate governance in IBs. which can be employed for further research about the subject matter.

Due to the ongoing pandemic it has been decided by the authorities in major cities of Pakistan to impose new restrictions to indoor dining following a rise in coronavirus cases. The present study revolves around open-air restaurants' traits in COVID 19 in Pakistan connected with consumer perception related to their health awareness and hygiene quality. It also looks at one of the toughest challenges in the pandemic for open-air restaurants i.e. to follow the COVID 19 protocols while maintaining top-notch quality in food service and quality. Also, the customers' re-experience intention to a more considerable extent with respect to the restaurant's hygiene trust has also been discussed. The study finds the relationship between COVID-19 protocols, food quality, service
quality, hygiene trust, satisfaction and re-experiencing the same place. For this purpose, the data have been collected from 10 open air restaurants in Pakistan via survey. The results revealed that there lies a strong linkage between the above mentioned variables during the pandemic.

Sustaining customer satisfaction and revisit intentions of the fast food restaurants has become crucial problem for survival in this intense competition. Therefore, this study addressed this problem by conducting this research to investigate the factors effecting customer satisfaction and revisit intentions of the fast food customers in the city of Faisalabad. This study also filled the theoretical gap in the literature by considering Dinex, healthy food knowledge, perceived value’s effect on revisit intentions through mediation of customer satisfaction. For this purpose, quantitative approach was used, and self-administrated questionnaire was provided to the customers of the fast food restaurants in Faisalabad who have at least visited them twice. Sampling technique used for this study was convenient due to the difficulty in finding appropriate sample. 220 of sample size was used after removing inappropriate and unfilled responses. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed through Smart PLS software. Measurement model ensured the validity and reliability of the constructs. Total seven direct and three indirect hypotheses were proposed in the study. Structural model examined the hypothesis testing and its significance. Findings of the study showed that all direct relationships were positive and significant except effect of healthy food knowledge on revisit intentions. Mediation effects of Dinex, healthy food knowledge, perceived value was significant through customer satisfaction on revisit intentions. Implications of the study includes use of this study for enhancing customer satisfaction and revisit intentions of the customers to gain competitive advantage.

Employee performance is a metric for determining how effective a person's job is. consequently, optimal job performance is frequently the primary goal of an organization. Leadership has the ability to achieve work performance and turn the vision of the organization into reality. Better employee performance in the organization result from good leadership. The goal of this cross-sectional study is to examine the role of
leadership(authoritative and laissez-faire), in enhancing employees' performance at Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Peshawar Pakistan. For accomplishment of research objective, primary data were acquired from employees of the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Peshawar Pakistan by a self-administered adopted questionnaire to examine the association. The outcomes indicated that authoritative leadership has a positive and significant impact on employee performance. In addition, the employee engagement, on the other hand, has also a significant and positive correlation with employee performance.
To maintain successful human resource utilization and high levels of employee work involvement and performance, it is recommended that moderate independence and effective supervision should be implemented at the workplace. It is suggested that organizations increase their organizational participation and performance by hiring managers with high
 eadership skills.

Social marginalization has made it difficult for transgender people to integrate into regular society and to create businesses. Sporadic transgender people have prepared the ground for the business to get started. The purpose of this research is to look into the entrepreneurial hurdles that transgender entrepreneurs confront in Pakistan.
The interviewees included a total of 20 transgender entrepreneurs who had quit begging and commercial sex work and founded a business across Pakistan. The grounded theory study' key findings identified seven critical
areas, including competitors, discrimination, financial resources, human resources, natural disasters, product awareness, and technology issues. Participants stated that discrimination and a lack of financial resources made starting a business extremely difficult. These findings expand our understanding of cisgender entrepreneurs' obstacles beyond what we currently know.

The aim of the research is to know the correlation between the conscious leadership and proactive sustainability strategy as well as the impact of that relationship in enhancing the reputation of the organization. The research was conducting in a number of private banks (Economy, Baghdad, Asia) , and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted for the practical side by choosing a random sample of (55) individuals who represented the senior leaders in the surveyed community. The questionnaire was used as a tool for measuring and collecting data and information. Moreover, a number of statistical tools and and statistical program (SPSS) as well as the descriptive statistical methods such as (Spearman's correlation coefficient, simple linear regression, relative importance, and others) were used in order to analyze and process the dataand also for the purpose of proving the validity of the hypotheses or not, and the most important of which is the existence of a correlation between the conscious leadership and proactive sustainability strategy and the impact of that relationship in enhancing the organization's strategic reputation. The research concluded to a set of results, the most important of which is that the conscious leadership contributes significantly in achieving the reputation of the organization, in addition to adopt a proactive sustainability strategy. The research also came out with a number of recommendations that serve the goal for which the research has seeked.

Today, computing power is advancing with significant transformation in quantum
technologies and provides state-of-the-art functionalities for next-generation digital solutions.
At the same time, computing capabilities are influencing the various spheres of humanity
while touching the operating models and end-user experiences. The advent of quantum
computing raised many questions about the system design, development, implementation,
and associated risks for human beings and species. The questions raised the call for a
conceptual model to study ethics and quantum computing as a whole. The primary objective
of the research is to develop a conceptual ethical and sustainable quantum computing model
to investigate the ethics standards, trust levels, social aspects, access rights, privacy, moral
and good-duties issues based on the current situations. The paper adopts the literature survey
approach based on existing business ethics models to evaluate the model's human,
organisation (society) and opportunity factors. The research has investigated the ethical
constitutes of quantum computing led digital transformation. The research findings provide
the substantial foundations for the research and managerial applicability to integrate the
social, human, technology-based inclusive, ethical issues.

In India, many online teaching platforms are being used in universities, colleges, and schools at
all levels in the context of COVID-19. This research provides an online teaching platform
evaluation system in order to systematically investigate the elements that influence the selection
of online teaching platforms. Following a review of a series of factors that have significant
influences on the selection of online teaching platforms, eight major factors are identified. Based
on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, a hierarchical structure model for online teaching platform
selection is constructed. Based on the questionnaire, the rank was the same with both methods
for the most preferred question and the least important question, which were derived from
Performance Expectancy (PE) and Use Behaviour, respectively (UB). These findings revealed
that both techniques produced the same rank for the five likert scale alternatives, with "Agree"
being the most important and "Strongly disagree" being the least important. In specifically, the
weights of the indicators are calculated and evaluated for each layer in order to achieve the
overall ranking and, as a result, the optimal scheme. The following is the order of priority for
assessment indicators of online teaching platforms, according to the findings: Google Classroom
is useful in this course since it is simple to use and has all of the materials that are required to
participate in Google Classroom (internet, Smartphone, laptop, etc.).

As global economies started to shut down to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus, this
changed businesses and consumers and how the two entities interacted. Disruptions in the
supply chain caused mass anxieties and people were reported to be hoarding essential
supplies such as toilet papers, food, and grocery items (The Times of India, 27 May 2020).
The contrary was observed in the long run and saving rates reportedly improved (Financial
Express, 1 June 2020). Scientific investigations into the short- and long-term effects of the
pandemic on consumer behaviour are the need of the hour. The present research aims to
contribute to this growing body of scientific knowledge by studying the short-term effects of
the pandemic on the impulsive buying tendency of women consumers of Mumbai, India. It
investigates how the experience of living with social restrictions and uncertainties might have
affected the impulsive buying tendencies of subject consumers and their consumption of
secondary need items such as clothes, personal care items, and luxuries. The research also
discusses the decision-making process of consumers when the subjects are on an impulsive
buying streak.

Monetary studies are currently being attended with interest by the various researchers'' economists, especially after the importance of monetary policies and their effective impact on economic activity and its growth rate have been confirmed. (Through affecting on the level of production, prices, labor, exchange rates, balance of payments conditions, distribution and redistribution of income and wealth in society and at the international level). Small and medium Enterprises (SMEs) Constitute the Backbone of an Economy. They not only provide employment and، there for income opportunities to a large number of people, but they are also at the forefront of technological in innovation and export diversification. the international monetary fund have several ways to get involved in SMEs finance, ranging from the creation or participation SMEs finance investment funds, to the creation of special unit for financing SMEs within institutions for this purpose.

Competency is the ability of an individual to do a job effectively. Competency mapping is a
process of mapping an individual’s competencies to job related skills. Competency mapping
helps in identifying the gaps, if any, between job demands and individual competencies.
Organizations can then intervene through effective training solutions for improving
organizational performance. The study aims to identify the competencies required of
employees in organized retail sector and identify gaps. Survey method was used to collect
data through a structured questionnaire. The study is descriptive in nature. Hypotheses were
tested. Radar Charts were constructed to identify the degree of competency gap of employee
in each of the competencies. The study would be useful for practitioners and researchers for
implementation in their contexts for organizational success.

The aim of this study is to analyze the agency issues like tunneling and propping while
examining the impact of Related Party Transactions (RPTs) in firms with respect to family
business groups of Pakistan.This study used a sample of 326 non-financial firms listed on
Pakistan Stock Exchange in the period from 2008 to 2013 by examination of over four thousand
five hundred RPTs. For data analysis, panel regression models with both firm and year fixed
effects as well as logit model are applied.The findings depict that controlling shareholder in
firms affiliated with family business groups mostly tunnel resources through cash payments and
trade of goods & services and prop up resources through cash receipts transactions. The study
also finds that tunneling related transactions are more significant in firms that have larger size,
market value and other receivables balances. Whereas, propping related transactions are
dominant in highly leveraged firms with lower return on assets.This study is limited to Pakistani
nonfinancial sector. The results implied that interests of minority shareholders are considerably
affected by the hidden operations of the majority shareholders in family business group firms.
The minority shareholders need to be more cognizant of the family business group firms’
ownership structures, board members, directors’ shareholding and related party transactions.This study provides new insights on ‘propping’ besides ‘tunneling’ in Pakistani family-owned companies, which has received little attention in the context of emerging economies, and Pakistan.

The aim of this research paper is to find how and when Corporate Governance and Audit Quality
may control the impact of Financial Market Crises Risk on firms Financial Information through
the mediator Financial Leverage. Three fundamental theories were used for the research i.e.
Financial Market Theory, Corporate Governance Theory and Audit Quality Theory. The impact
was tested through the Mediation Model# 4 of SPSS Hayes Process Regression Analysis. The
Sample Size of 363 observations was taken from the Karachi Stock Exchange enlisted
companies for the period of 2005 to 2015. The companies were rankedfor quantification after
studying and analyzing the performance of the companies in their published Financial
Statements. The outcome of the testing model showed that both the Independent Variables i.e.
Corporate Governance and Audit Quality have normal effect on the Firms Financial Information
jointly. It was found that Mediation effect exists between the relationship of Corporate
Governance, Audit Quality and Financial Information as the p-value is significant which means
that Corporate Governance and Audit Quality can minimize or control the effect of Financial
Market Crises Risk on the dependent variable Financial Information through the mediator
Financial Leverage. The practical application of the research will equip all the stakeholders about
the significance of the Audit Quality and Corporate Governance impact on firm Financial
Information.The stakeholders can utilize this mechanism of both Independent Variables
Corporate Governance and Audit Quality separately for minimizingFinancialMarket Crises Risk.

Public sector contributes a significant proportion to the GDP in most of the world economies.
Public sector of Bahrain plays an effective role in the delivery of basic services that serve the
country and all members of society. Complaints are an important way for the public sector
organizations to be accountable to the public. In addition, to providing a valuable prompts to
review organizational performance and the conduct of people that work within and for it. This
policy focused on citizens‟ complaints and how its effects on the public services performance, as
well as to highlight the importance of complaints as a tool to improving the public services
performance in the public sector organizations of Bahrain.
The scope of this policy is public sector services organizations of Bahrain. 6 questions were used
for the variable of public services performance, one of them covering the complaints,
(Expectations complaints from citizens about performance of public services delivery taken
seriously. The main findings of this policy is to focus on complaints that present from citizens
about performance of public services as an important tool to public sector of Bahrain in order to
the implementation and development solutions to improve and enhance performance of public
services. Moreover, practical implications, when citizens complain they want their concerns to
be taken seriously and, it is necessary, matters put right. This can increase the possibility of
restoring satisfaction and trust of citizens in public services performance.

The present study investigates the outcomes of talent management among university
teachersalong with the role of competency development as a mediator. The design of the study
was correlational.The study sample consisted of 190teachers. The sample was further divided
into males (n = 94) and females (n = 96) by using the purposive sampling technique. The age of
the sample was ranged from 25 to 60 years. English versions of talent management,
organizational performance, affective commitment, and competency development were used in
the study to assess variables. Pearson correlation indicated that all variables are positively
correlated. Multiple regression analysis indicated that subscales of talent managementwere
positive predictors ofaffective commitment and performance. Competency development shows
mediation betweensubscales of talent management and outcomes (i.e., organizational
performance and affective commitment). Male scored high on rewarding (subscale). The
implications, limitations and recommendations for the future were discussed.

Workplace communication plays an important role in the successful implementation of any
project. During the pandemic, disruption had happened not only in operations but in the front of
communication too. Modern organizations have very different kind of crisis (Fink, 1986; Perrow,
1984; Bozeman,2011) The covid19 pandemic had created a great havoc on the normal life and its
impact on organizations had been huge including negatives changes in productivity. Mazzei,
Kim and Dell‟Oro (2012) is of the opinion that it is important for an organization to build trust
within the organization during the crisis as this would ensure good relationship, enhanced
productivity and better finance. This research had adopted the case study methodology to bring
forth the communication challenges during covid19 in a manufacturing organization.
Silliconnect, a supply chain solutions company had been following rigorous quality improvement
methods. Employee awareness on issues related to quality was provided periodically as it
determines the success of the quality journey (Anithakumari & Gayathri, 2018). This is a
fictitious case study, designed for class room teaching on the concept of workplace
communication during crisis.

Nowadays universities are going through the transition due which new performance standards have been created. In such situation, performance of employees can be enhanced through effective ethical leadership. The current study has examined the dynamic links between job satisfaction, job performance and ethical leadership in the academia of Pakistan. Using a cross sectional design, quantitative data were collected from 150 academic staff working in three universities. Data were analyzed both by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that four characteristics, i.e., practicing preacher; safe haven creator; moral motivator and ethical justice were positively associated with job performance, whereas this link was partially mediated by job satisfaction. The results obtained were in a strong concurrence with the existing literature. Hence, universities of Pakistan should focus on developing ethical leadership among their employees. In this way, universities can grow and contribute towards the socioeconomic development of Pakistan.

Since 2019, Covid -19 pandemic has changed our style of living, our businesses. Most of the
countries in the world are facing problems to main their economy during this pandemics
period. When government of India was announced first phase of lock down, every business
operation were paused and no one have an idea to run it during this situations. After
relaxation of lock down businesses started with new and innovative matter. This paper
focused on supply chain business and their management during the pandemic period by taken
into condensation of their association with iron and steel sector in India. For this paper,
empirical study of performance selected iron and steel companies have been done on the
basis of their logistic management. Data of SAIL, TATA STEEL, JSW are taken into account
for analysis purpose. The result of the study is expected to help for the companies for future
development.

Quite expansive works have been undertaken to gauge incessant spate of violence at workplace
particularly as it relates to general job performance; not much have been done in the case of nonacademic
staff of Nigerian Universities. Furthermore, while work-related violence has been
thought to associate with burnout and negative job behavior, there have been growing concerns
among organizations to be preoccupied with economic gains rather than the long-term human
impacts of their decisions. The purpose of the study is to explore how workplace violence
(WKPLV) through occupational stress (OCPST) affects staff performance (STAFP) of nonacademic
employees of federal universities in Nigeria. The population of the study totaled
13873, comprises 8045 (senior) and 5828 (junior) non-academic staff of federal universities.
Research approach involved Quasi-Experimental Design and sample size of 389 randomly
determined; Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling deployed as analytical tools;
Reliability was affirmed at: WKPLV (0.975); STAFP (0.987); and OCPST (0.985). The
regression result, juxtaposed by sample response showed evident of significant but negative
relationship between WKPLV and STAFP. There are strong statistical underpinnings that
occupational stress mediates the effects of WKPLV on performance.. We propose that
management of universities in act proactively by bracing up plans to investigate factors that
precipitate violence at work and checkmating them so as to minimize their stress-induced effects
on performance. Research implications, study originality and research limitations are discussed.

This study examined the role of Emotional Intelligence (EI)in genders’career advancement.Data
was collected from male and female faculty members of The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
and Bahudin Zakria University of Punjab in order to achieve the research goal. Six departments
of social sciences and six departments of pure sciences were chosen for this purpose. Data was
collected from 180 female and 120 male faculty members. The analysis was created using Daniel
Goleman's EI concept to assess EI. The Self-Report Measure of EI (SRMEI) questionnaire was
used to collect data. SPSS was used to analyze the data by deployingthe independent samples ttest.
The outcomes of the study indicated a positive association between EI and genders’ career
advancement. Furthermore, the outcomes indicated that male faculty members are more
emotionally intelligent than female faculty members.

It is known that calcium nitrate is an effective nitrogen fertilizer that provides
high yields in all climatic and soil conditions. The effect of the application of calcium nitrate can
be directly related to nitrate nitrogen and calcium in water, either separately, or in most cases as
a combined action of these two nutrients.
When calcium nitrate is obtained by decomposition of calcium-containing sludge from
the water treatment plant of Farg’onaazot JSC with non-concentrated nitric acid (at least 57%
HNO3), intensive, stable foaming is observed, which leads to a decrease in equipment
productivity. When developing a technology for obtaining new types of suspended fertilizers
based on calcium nitrate, the process of foaming during nitric acid processing of calciumcontaining
sludge was studied.

This research study aimed at finding the convers relationship of emotional intelligence and role
conflict at the hospitals of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan. Emotional intelligence is considered the
best coping strategy to deal with work stress, while role conflict is the most common practicing
stressor that contributestothe stressful condition of a person. Hospitals are the most crowded and
overburdened sector of any nation that is heavily dependent on multiple roles of nurses, doctors,
and medical staff. The objective of this research was to see the effect of emotional intelligence in
dealing with role conflict of the nurses and medical staff of three big hospitals in the city. The
results show a significant inverse relationship between emotional intelligence and role conflict.
The P-Value (0.000), T-statistics (16), R-Square (0.32) and path coefficients (-0.56)show highly
significant results of underline relationships. For these findings, SmartPLS 3.0 was used to
analyze the response of 359 nurses and medical staff employing stratified sampling and
systematic random sampling techniques on a five-point scale of adapted questionnaires.

The objective behind this research paper was to observe the impact of emotional intelligence on stress
which is triggered by time pressure and due to work overload. With no regard to public or private
organization setup, time pressure and work overload are reported by employees in general. Nurses are
face the issue on daily basis. Stressful conditions due to time pressure and workload often lead to many
organizational concerns in terms of mental health, physical health, absentees‟ turnover, emotional burnout
etc. emotional intelligence is considered a best-coping strategy and it is studied with many organizational
variables which positively related to positive variable and inversely related negative variable. Time
pressure and workload werestudied with emotional intelligence it was observed that emotional
intelligence was inversely related to time pressure and work overload. For this purpose, SmartPLS 3.0
was used to find the path coefficients and R-square, the output shows that the path coefficient for work
overload (-0.55) and for time pressure (-0.38), the R-square (0.31) and (0.14) for work overload and time
pressure with significance P-value (0.000) (0.000) and T-statistic value (14.9) (8.5) respectively. Nurses
of the three main hospitals of Peshawar was the observing unit. And data was collected through selfadministrated
questionnaires, a stratified and systematic random sample was used to obtain the sample
size of 359 out of approximately 2000 nurses including the adjusting nursing schools which works under
these hospitals setting.

The study plans to analyze the part of fiscal decentralization and macroeconomic
execution of Pakistan. The major goal of study was to investigate the effect of fiscal
decentralization on macroeconomic performance and fiscal resource distribution system
of Pakistan. The study employed secondary data comprising from 1972 to 2014 for
examination. The distribution of resources among federal and provincial governments
never remained simple and always recognized much complicated problem. This study
categorized a number of problems in the system of fiscal division of resources of
Pakistan. To examine the effect of fiscal decentralization on macroeconomic performance
in Pakistan, the study evaluated a brief history of distribution of resources among the
provinces. The commission reviewed the NFC awards since 1991 to improve the
procedure of resource allotment among the provinces in Pakistan. Direct transfers of
finances and grants have been increased for all the provinces due to these awards. The
effectiveness, self-sufficiency and resource generation of Provinces get inducement to
improve because of identical grants and in turn attain financial autonomy

Exports being engine of an economy plays a vital role for the development of an economy. There
are a number of factor that effect the exports of a country including exchange rate, domestic
level of income, government policies of exports, production level of country, cost of raw
materials and utilities. A number of studies have been done to investigate the relationship
between the exchange rate and exports growth but there are no consensuses between them.
According to some researcher there is positive relation between the exchange rate and export but
some other disagree with them.
This study is specially done to explain the relationship of exchange rate and export growth of
textile sector of Pakistan and some other factor that influence the exports of textile products. For
this purpose the whole textile sector of Pakistan is taken into study and we took the exports and
exchange rate of last ten years from 2011 to 2020 as a sample for this study. Quantitative
approach is used to analyze the impact of exchange rate on exports.

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors which can affect the knowledge
management in Al-Madinah International University, Malaysia. This study employs
a quantitative methodology for whichquestionnaires were distributed to on-campus
staff at the university and a sample of 138 responses was collected for multiple
regression analysis. Statistical Packages (SPSS) software was used to analyze the
structure model. The results show that the motivation factors such as social
interaction, trust, management support, learning orientation and motivation can
provide explanation of knowledge sharing. This study found a positive correlation
between sharing knowledge and the social interaction. Therefore, this study suggests
that when knowledge is built and is shared then it creates a positive impact on an
organizations employees. This study will contribute to the literature in the field of
knowledge sharing. Comparatively, the studies focusing on knowledge sharing
among Malaysian universities are limited.

The current study examines on the relationship between talent management and employee
performance. Theoretically, talent management is made up of six talent management
(practices: talent planning, workplace culture, talent recruitment and retention, talent
development, professional advancement, and rewarding. Despite its significance, our
understanding of talent management is limited to how it affects employee performance. The
current study aims to critically examine the relationship between talent management and
work employee performance via the mediating role of organizational engagement. This
study's conceptual model of the Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity framework to better
understand the mechanisms that facilitate the linkages between talent management, firm
employee performance. The current study examined these underexplored relationships using
Pakistan's banking sector as a research study for developing markets. A questionnaire survey
was used to collect data from 297 respondents of bankers in various departments to
summarising the respondents' opinions. To analyse the components of the hypothesised
model, the current study used structural equation modelling techniques SEM-PLS. The
current study's findings discovered that organizational engagement facilitates the employee’s
performance. Furthermore, organizational engagement in the company were found to be
positively and significantly related to talent management. The current study's findings might
be valuable for businesses that emphasise the importance of organizational engagement in
attaining improved employee performance through talent management in their organizations.
This study contributes to understanding by putting the model to the test in the services
industry and expanding talent management research to Asian emerging nations such as
Pakistan.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are growing rapidly in Indonesia, ideas emerge
thanks to an innovation that can be a strength for companies to strengthen their market
position. Today's business world continues to compete to create a variety of consumer needs
that are getting higher and smarter in choosing their needs. Every effort will make every
effort to improve productivity, efficiency, fast, easy service, and continue to create new
innovations to remain ahead and survive in the market.The purpose of this study was to
examine the effect of information sharing, cooperation, long term relationship, Supply Chain
Management and Business Performance. The data was processed using Structural Equation
Modeling (SEM) with the help of the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) version 18.0
program.

This paper analyses the advent of Fintech in the established ecosystem of businesses. There are ongoing innovations in the business environment, and Fintech has played a significant role in it. The fusion of digital technology and financial services has given rise to a concept called Fintech (Agarwal & Zhang, 2020). The ecosystem consisting of businesses flourishing in innovation is seen to adapt to Fintech to get a competitive advantage over other firms. The length and breadth of companies are rapidly widening with the emergence of Fintech. It gives rise to a centrally managed organization that has replaced the hierarchal system and turned into a fresh model. The disruption created by Fintech has helped many businesses to flourish by facilitating an innovative business ecosystem within their premises. There is little work associated with the role of Fintech in the ecosystem of businesses in evolution and development concerning pathbreaking innovative solutions. This study has tried to capture the essential aspects of Fintech and its application in several businesses and its innovative environment (Lee & Shin, 2018). It clarifies that the research about disruptive innovations and the creative environment in businesses is the need of the hour and deserves more attention than the present scenario. A sample of 189 people working in different financial sectors was surveyed to know the different roles and significance of Fintech as a Business Innovation Ecosystem in the financial sector. "Mean and t-test" was applied to analyze the data and results. It is found that Fintech is playing a significant part as a Business Innovation Ecosystem in the financial sector.

The evolution of the banking sector has been affected by the development of the internet and
mobile application technologies. With the increased use of mobile phones and the help of the
Internet, virtually every area and business have changed. Using mobile apps for banking services
and transactions refers to the provision of banking services with the help of mobile. The adoption
of mobile applications to avail banking services has changed the banking system. It is proved
successful, easy to use, and cost-effective by customers and the banking industry. Security,
safety, and convenience are some of the significant factors on which mobile banking depends. At
present, many customers have adopted mobile banking transaction systems. However, some
customers still feel hesitant to use mobile applications to avail banking services. A sample of 122
respondents was collected through a "standard questionnaire," created on a five-point interval
scale.

It has been demonstrated that Raman distributed optical fibre sensing is a mature and versatile scheme that provides a great deal of flexibility and effectiveness for the distributed temperature measurement of a wide range of engineering applications. This is an advantage that Raman distributed optical fibre sensing has over other established techniques. Over the course of the last few decades, this technology has undergone a period of rapid development and has found widespread use in fields ranging from industrial manufacture to scientific research. On the other hand, classical Raman distributed optical fibre sensing suffers from the following four conceptual or technical limitations: (i) The accuracy of the system's temperature measurement is hindered by a difference in the Raman optical attenuation, a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system, and a fixed error in the Raman demodulation equation. ii) There is an incompatibility between the sensing distance and the spatial resolution. (iii) The SNR of the system and the measurement time of the system are in direct opposition to one another. (iv) Dual-parameter detection cannot be carried out using Raman distributed optical fibre sensing. This article presents a review of recent developments in performance enhancements and typical applications of Raman distributed optical fibre sensing. These developments are based on the theoretical and technical bottlenecks described above. The performance and accuracy of these systems can be improved by integrating the technology of this optical system with other knowledge-based technologies, such as demodulation technology, for example